Muscles that move the toes are usually divided into long extrinsic foot muscles and short intrinsic foot muscles. The final determination of exactly what the actions of a muscle of the ankle and subtalar joints will be is where the distal tendon of that muscle crosses these joints (e.g., the belly of the tibialis anterior is located in the anterolateral leg, but its tendon crosses the subtalar joint medially therefore it inverts the foot). For example, all muscles of the anterior compartment perform dorsiflexion all muscles of the lateral and posterior compartments perform plantarflexion and all muscles of the lateral compartment perform eversion. The location by compartment helps determine the actions of these muscles. Some of these muscles are addressed in other chapters. The deep posterior compartment contains the tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and popliteus. The superficial posterior compartment contains the gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris. The lateral compartment contains the fibularis longus and fibularis brevis. The anterior compartment contains the tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, and fibularis tertius. Leg muscles are usually divided into the four fascial compartments of the leg: anterior, lateral, superficial posterior, and deep posterior. The muscles of this chapter are primarily involved with motions of the foot at the ankle and subtalar joints and/or the motions of the toes at the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints.Īs a rule, muscles that move the foot originate (attach proximally) and have their bellies in the leg. ![]() ![]() Overview of Function: Muscles of the Toes, 386 Overview of Function: Muscles of the Ankle and Subtalar Joints, 386
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